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Game of Life – LeetCode Solution Java , Python 3, Python 2 , C , C++, Best and Optimal Solutions , All you need.
According to Wikipedia’s article: “The Game of Life, also known simply as Life, is a cellular automaton devised by the British mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970.”
The board is made up of an m x n grid of cells, where each cell has an initial state: live (represented by a 1) or dead (represented by a 0). Each cell interacts with its eight neighbors (horizontal, vertical, diagonal) using the following four rules (taken from the above Wikipedia article):
- Any live cell with fewer than two live neighbors dies as if caused by under-population.
- Any live cell with two or three live neighbors lives on to the next generation.
- Any live cell with more than three live neighbors dies, as if by over-population.
- Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbors becomes a live cell, as if by reproduction.
The next state is created by applying the above rules simultaneously to every cell in the current state, where births and deaths occur simultaneously. Given the current state of the m x n grid board, return the next state.
Example 1:
Input: board = [[0,1,0],[0,0,1],[1,1,1],[0,0,0]] Output: [[0,0,0],[1,0,1],[0,1,1],[0,1,0]]
Example 2:
Input: board = [[1,1],[1,0]] Output: [[1,1],[1,1]]
Constraints:
m == board.lengthn == board[i].length1 <= m, n <= 25board[i][j]is0or1.
C++ Game of Life LeetCode Solution
void gameOfLife(vector<vector<int>>& board) {
int m = board.size(), n = m ? board[0].size() : 0;
for (int i=0; i<m; ++i) {
for (int j=0; j<n; ++j) {
int count = 0;
for (int I=max(i-1, 0); I<min(i+2, m); ++I)
for (int J=max(j-1, 0); J<min(j+2, n); ++J)
count += board[I][J] & 1;
if (count == 3 || count - board[i][j] == 3)
board[i][j] |= 2;
}
}
for (int i=0; i<m; ++i)
for (int j=0; j<n; ++j)
board[i][j] >>= 1;
}
Java Game of Life LeetCode Solution
public void gameOfLife(int[][] board) {
if (board == null || board.length == 0) return;
int m = board.length, n = board[0].length;
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
int lives = liveNeighbors(board, m, n, i, j);
// In the beginning, every 2nd bit is 0;
// So we only need to care about when will the 2nd bit become 1.
if (board[i][j] == 1 && lives >= 2 && lives <= 3) {
board[i][j] = 3; // Make the 2nd bit 1: 01 ---> 11
}
if (board[i][j] == 0 && lives == 3) {
board[i][j] = 2; // Make the 2nd bit 1: 00 ---> 10
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
board[i][j] >>= 1; // Get the 2nd state.
}
}
}
public int liveNeighbors(int[][] board, int m, int n, int i, int j) {
int lives = 0;
for (int x = Math.max(i - 1, 0); x <= Math.min(i + 1, m - 1); x++) {
for (int y = Math.max(j - 1, 0); y <= Math.min(j + 1, n - 1); y++) {
lives += board[x][y] & 1;
}
}
lives -= board[i][j] & 1;
return lives;
}
Python 3 Game of Life LeetCode Solution
def gameOfLife(self, board):
m,n = len(board), len(board[0])
for i in range(m):
for j in range(n):
if board[i][j] == 0 or board[i][j] == 2:
if self.nnb(board,i,j) == 3:
board[i][j] = 2
else:
if self.nnb(board,i,j) < 2 or self.nnb(board,i,j) >3:
board[i][j] = 3
for i in range(m):
for j in range(n):
if board[i][j] == 2: board[i][j] = 1
if board[i][j] == 3: board[i][j] = 0
def nnb(self, board, i, j):
m,n = len(board), len(board[0])
count = 0
if i-1 >= 0 and j-1 >= 0: count += board[i-1][j-1]%2
if i-1 >= 0: count += board[i-1][j]%2
if i-1 >= 0 and j+1 < n: count += board[i-1][j+1]%2
if j-1 >= 0: count += board[i][j-1]%2
if j+1 < n: count += board[i][j+1]%2
if i+1 < m and j-1 >= 0: count += board[i+1][j-1]%2
if i+1 < m: count += board[i+1][j]%2
if i+1 < m and j+1 < n: count += board[i+1][j+1]%2
return count
Array-1180
String-562
Hash Table-412
Dynamic Programming-390
Math-368
Sorting-264
Greedy-257
Depth-First Search-256
Database-215
Breadth-First Search-200
Tree-195
Binary Search-191
Matrix-176
Binary Tree-160
Two Pointers-151
Bit Manipulation-140
Stack-133
Heap (Priority Queue)-117
Design-116
Graph-108
Simulation-103
Prefix Sum-96
Backtracking-92
Counting-86
Sliding Window-73
Linked List-69
Union Find-66
Ordered Set-48
Monotonic Stack-47
Recursion-43
Trie-41
Binary Search Tree-40
Divide and Conquer-40
Enumeration-39
Bitmask-37
Queue-33
Memoization-32
Topological Sort-31
Geometry-30
Segment Tree-27
Game Theory-24
Hash Function-24
Binary Indexed Tree-21
Interactive-18
Data Stream-17
String Matching-17
Rolling Hash-17
Shortest Path-16
Number Theory-16
Combinatorics-15
Randomized-12
Monotonic Queue-9
Iterator-9
Merge Sort-9
Concurrency-9
Doubly-Linked List-8
Brainteaser-8
Probability and Statistics-7
Quickselect-7
Bucket Sort-6
Suffix Array-6
Minimum Spanning Tree-5
Counting Sort-5
Shell-4
Line Sweep-4
Reservoir Sampling-4
Eulerian Circuit-3
Radix Sort-3
Strongly Connected Componen-t2
Rejection Sampling-2
Biconnected Component-1
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